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Woman Becomes First South African Imprisoned for Racist Speech

LONDON – If Vicki Momberg had only unleashed a high-volume tirade at the South African police officers, video of it would have been of mere passing interest. But her repeated use of a racial slur unfamiliar to most Americans, but explosive in South Africa – made her notorious, and led to demands to make her an example.

On Wednesday, Ms. Momberg, a white woman, became the first person in South Africa to be sent to prison for using racist language against someone, according to prosecutors and legal experts. Specifically, she hurled the term kaffir, considered the most offensive racial slur in South Africa so radioactive socially that it is often referred to as the k-word.

The 2016 viral video of her outburst at police officers who responded to her report of thieves breaking into her car set off a national furor, and made Ms. Momberg a symbol of the racism that persists a generation after the collapse of apartheid.

Partly because of that video, viewed repeatedly on social media and news sites, the parliament may take up a bill that would make prosecution for hate speech more common.

In a Johannesburg courtroom on Wednesday, Magistrate Pravina Raghoonandan sentenced Ms. Momberg to three years in prison, with one year suspended. Local media reported that Ms. Momberg, once a well-off real estate agent, cried as the sentence was read. The judge refused to allow Ms. Momberg to remain free on bail pending an appeal, and officers led her away from the courtroom.

Her lawyer, Kevin Lawlor, declined to comment. The decision was met mostly with celebration on social media, in a majority-black country where profound inequality coexists with memories of an apartheid system that institutionalized racial separation and oppression. [...]

Richard Pérez-Peña, Mar.28,2018

Disponível em: <https://www.nytimes.com/2018/ 03/28/world/europe/south-africa-racist-speech>. Acesso em: 31 mar.2018.

Choose the option in which the word notorious presents a different meaning from the one used in the text.

(a)

Two British militants believed to have belonged to an Islamic State group cell notorious for beheading hostages in Syria said Friday that their home country's revoking of their citizenship denies them the possibility of a fair trial.

(b)

James Mellaart, who died in 2012, became one of Britain's most notorious archaeologists after he discovered a succession of important Bronze Age sites in Turkey.

(c)

The Kiboko Squad, notorious for their use of sticks to disperse protesters, are allegedly an offshoot of the Crime Preventers.

(d)

A museum is opening in the Venetian hometown of Giacomo Casanova, the 18th-century adventurer and bon vivant, in hopes of educating visitors about more than just his notorious womanising.