Questões de Concurso

Smartphone app inquiry launched in Australia

    Australia’s Assistant Treasurer David Bradbury said he would be inviting smartphone owners to “name and shame” apps they were unhappy with.
    The inquiry will ask whether users are given enough information about the costs associated with apps before and after they are downloaded.
    “In a very short period of time, new mobile devices like smartphones and tablets have changed the way consumers engage in commerce,” said Mr Bradbury in a statement. “At the same time though, some consumers have raised concerns about aspects of mobile commerce, particularly when purchases can be made without much difficulty using stored credit card data.”
    Mr Bradbury said he was particularly concerned about apps aimed at children, and that encourage the purchase of virtual goods and subscriptions.
    “We have strong consumer laws in Australia that protect the rights of consumers and place clear obligations on businesses,” he said. “This inquiry is an opportunity to look at the adequacy of existing measures to address any consumer concern.”
    The inquiry, which will start soon, will be carried out by the government’s Consumer Affairs Advisory Council.

Internet: <www.bbc.co.uk> (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following items.

Smartphone app inquiry launched in Australia

    Australia’s Assistant Treasurer David Bradbury said he would be inviting smartphone owners to “name and shame” apps they were unhappy with.
    The inquiry will ask whether users are given enough information about the costs associated with apps before and after they are downloaded.
    “In a very short period of time, new mobile devices like smartphones and tablets have changed the way consumers engage in commerce,” said Mr Bradbury in a statement. “At the same time though, some consumers have raised concerns about aspects of mobile commerce, particularly when purchases can be made without much difficulty using stored credit card data.”
    Mr Bradbury said he was particularly concerned about apps aimed at children, and that encourage the purchase of virtual goods and subscriptions.
    “We have strong consumer laws in Australia that protect the rights of consumers and place clear obligations on businesses,” he said. “This inquiry is an opportunity to look at the adequacy of existing measures to address any consumer concern.”
    The inquiry, which will start soon, will be carried out by the government’s Consumer Affairs Advisory Council.

Internet: <www.bbc.co.uk> (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following items.

Injury and insult

Is it possible for cancer to develop as a result of an injury?

    “It’s a common myth that injuries can cause cancer,” the American Cancer Society informed on its Website. Until the 1920s, some doctors believed trauma did cause cancer, “despite the failure of injury to cause cancer in experimental animals.”
    But most medical authorities, including the Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute, see no such link.
    The more likely explanation, the society suggests, is that a visit to the doctor for an injury could lead to finding an existing cancer.
    Other possibilities are that scar tissue from an old trauma could look like a cancerous lesion and that an injured breast or limb would be more closely watched for cancer to develop.
    A single interview-based study of breast cancer in England found that 67 women with breast carcinoma were more likely to report physical trauma to the breast in the preceding five years than 134 women in a matched control group without cancer. The study was criticized because of its size and methodology.
    Published in 2002 in The European Journal of Cancer Prevention, the study has not been duplicated. Its authors suggested that it was plausible that models of epithelial cell generation could be a mechanism. But the case is far from proved, even for a single type of cancer.

Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following items.

The power games of smiling at work

    Researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), found that people in a low-power position tended to mimic the smile of a person with high status. On the other hand, people who feel powerful return smiles of lower status individuals but refrain from smiling back to others in a high-status position. “Mimicry has been shown to help build relationships, and both power and status seem to affect how we unconsciously employ this strategy,” said Evan Carr, the lead researcher. Participants’ facial responses were detected as minuscule, unconscious movements of facial muscles fractions of a second after being shown videos of people of varying social status.
    All fifty-five subjects in the study mimicked frowns of people they were told were high-status individuals, like doctors, more than those from low-status jobs like fast-food workers. The author of The Nonverbal Advantage: Secrets and Science of Body Language at Work, Carol Kinsey Goman, who is not affiliated with the study, said humans are wired from birth to mimic the facial expressions and body language of others, and subordinates are more prone to this type of behavior of submission. “Subordinates will smile more, they’ll nod more, they’ll tilt their heads more, which is a kind of universal sign of listening”, she said.
    In line with the UCSD study’s findings, Goman said these responses come naturally. The implication of studies like these is that employees can be more conscious of their body language in order to give off the proper signals in specific situations. “Learning what these cues mean, to use it to make a point you want to make, is when body language is helpful”, Goman said.

Internet: <www.cnn.com> (adapted).

The power games of smiling at work

    Researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), found that people in a low-power position tended to mimic the smile of a person with high status. On the other hand, people who feel powerful return smiles of lower status individuals but refrain from smiling back to others in a high-status position. “Mimicry has been shown to help build relationships, and both power and status seem to affect how we unconsciously employ this strategy,” said Evan Carr, the lead researcher. Participants’ facial responses were detected as minuscule, unconscious movements of facial muscles fractions of a second after being shown videos of people of varying social status.
    All fifty-five subjects in the study mimicked frowns of people they were told were high-status individuals, like doctors, more than those from low-status jobs like fast-food workers. The author of The Nonverbal Advantage: Secrets and Science of Body Language at Work, Carol Kinsey Goman, who is not affiliated with the study, said humans are wired from birth to mimic the facial expressions and body language of others, and subordinates are more prone to this type of behavior of submission. “Subordinates will smile more, they’ll nod more, they’ll tilt their heads more, which is a kind of universal sign of listening”, she said.
    In line with the UCSD study’s findings, Goman said these responses come naturally. The implication of studies like these is that employees can be more conscious of their body language in order to give off the proper signals in specific situations. “Learning what these cues mean, to use it to make a point you want to make, is when body language is helpful”, Goman said.

Internet: <www.cnn.com> (adapted).